Top French Pronunciation Mistakes and Difficulties

Many students find that pronunciation is the hardest part of learning French. The new sounds, the silent letters, the liaisons — they all combine to make speaking French very tricky. If you really want to perfect your French pronunciation, your best option is to work with a native French speaker, preferably one who specializes in accent training. If that isnt possible, then you need to take things into your own hands by listening to French as much as possible, and by studying and practicing the pronunciation aspects that you find most difficult. Here is a list of the top French pronunciation difficulties and mistakes, with links to detailed lessons and sound files. The French R The French R has been the bane of French students since time immemorial. OK, maybe its not quite that bad, but the French R is pretty tricky for a lot of French students. The good news is that it is possible for a non-native speaker to learn how to pronounce it. Really. If you follow my step-by-step instructions and practice a lot, youll get it. The French U The French U is another tricky sound, at least for English speakers, for two reasons: its hard to say and its sometimes difficult for untrained ears to distinguish it from the French OU. But with practice, you can definitely learn how to hear and say it. Nasal Vowels Nasal vowels are the ones that make it sound like the speakers nose is stuffed up. In fact, nasal vowel sounds are created by pushing air through the nose and mouth, rather than just the mouth as you do for regular vowels. Its not so difficult once you get the hang of it — listen, practice, and you will learn. Accents French accents do more than just make words look foreign — they modify pronunciation and meaning too. Therefore, its extremely important to know which accents do what, as well as how to type them. You dont even need to buy a French keyboard — accents can be typed on virtually any computer. Silent Letters Many French letters are silent, and a lot of them are found at the end of words. However, not all final letters are silent. Confused? Read over these lessons to get a general idea of which letters are silent in French. H  Muet  / Aspirà © Whether its an  H  muet  or an  H aspirà ©, the French H is always silent, yet it has a strange ability to act as a consonant or like a vowel. That is, the  H aspirà ©, although silent, acts like a consonant and does not allow contractions or liaisons to occur in front of it. But the  H  muet  acts like a vowel, so contractions and liaisons are required in front of it. Confusing? Just take the time to memorize the type of H for the most common words, and youre all set. Liaisons and Enchaà ®nement French words flow one into the next thanks to liaisons and enchaà ®nement. This causes problems not only in  speaking but in  listening comprehension  as well. The more you know about liaisons and enchaà ®nement, the better youll be able to speak and understand whats being spoken. Contractions In French, contractions are required. Whenever a short word like  je, me, le, la, or  ne  is followed by a word that begins with a vowel or H  muet, the short word drops the final vowel, adds an apostrophe, and attaches itself to the following word. This is not optional, as it is in English — French contractions are required. Thus, you should never say je  aime or le  ami — it is always  jaime  and  lami. Contractions  never  occur in front of a French consonant (except H  muet). Euphony It may seem odd that French has specific rules about ways to say things so that they sound prettier, but thats the way it is. Familiarize yourself with the various euphonic techniques so that your French sounds pretty too. Rhythm Ever heard anyone say that French is very musical? Thats partly because there are no stress marks on French words: all syllables are pronounced at the same intensity (volume). Instead of stressed syllables or words, French has rhythmic groups of related words within each sentence. Its kind of complicated, but if you read my lesson youll get an idea of what you need to work on.

Analysis Of The Book Lament For A Son - 929 Words

Stages of Grief Introduction The book, Lament For a Son, written by Nicholas Wolterstorff talks about his pain and grief after losing his 25-year-old son (Joy, 2009). His son died while on a mountain-climbing expedition. Dr. Wolterstorff has several books published during his career as a philosophical theology professor in Yale Divinity. However, he wrote Lament for a Son with a different journal style since it is a personal thing for him. The book is similar to a journal as he narrates the events that happened before and after his son’s death. The emotions expressed in the book are common among people who lose close relatives. What matters is how a person handles the issue. Kubler-Ross invented the five stages of grief; denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptancethat explain the escalation of grief when stricken by bad news (Axelrod, 2004). The paper looks into the book and its relation to the five stages of grief. Question 1 As demonstrated by the five stages of grief, Dr. Wolterstorff suffers greatly emotionally as he deals with his son’s death. In a bid to settle his depression, he reads the Bible on similar experiences that people had (Wolterstorff, 1987). He finds hope after reading and comprehending about Jesus Christ life, death, and resurrection. The story gives him hope that one day his son, Eric, will resurrect one day because God has the power to make such things possible. Dr. Wolterstorfffinally accepts the fact that Eric died, but he will see him inShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Lament For A Son And How The Author Of The Book ( Wolterstorff ) Found Joy After His Essay1263 Words   |  6 Pagesbad break up, losing a job, or losing a loved one. The body’s natural response is to grieve, every ones grieving process is unique and different in its own way. This paper will discuss the stages of grief by researching a book called â€Å"Lament for a Son† and how the author of the bo ok ( Wolterstorff) found joy after his loss. The author of this paper will analyze and review what is the meaning and significance of death in light of the Christian narrative, as well as how the hope of resurrection can playRead MoreStages of Grief1354 Words   |  6 PagesHealthy  Grieving:  A  Comparative  Analysis  Author Grand  Canyon  University:  HLT  310   Summer  19,  2016               2   HEALTHY  GRIEVING:  A  COMPARATIVE  ANALYSIS   Stages  of  Grief   Introduction   Here  in  this  essay  we  examine  the  stages  of  grief  as  defined  by  the  renowned  thanatologist   Elizabeth  Kà ¼bler ­Ross.  In  conjunction  with  this  review  of  grief  we  will  consider  the  work  of   Nicholas  Wollsterstorff  in  his  epic  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹ Lament  for  a  Son,  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹ written  to  express  his  still  lingering  grief  at   the  loss  of  his  son  Eric,  wRead MoreA Comparative Analysis of Odysseus and Achilles Essay1207 Words   |  5 PagesA Comparative Analysis of Odysseus and Achilles The Trojan War was more than a series of battles between opposing forces, it was the climax of an age of heroes. The retrieval of Helen brought together many of the mythological characters of that time onto a single stage. Of the thousands of brave men who fought at Ilion, two men stood above the masses, sharing the title of hero. They were born in the line of those on Mt. Olympus, favored by the gods. Excelling in courage and skill, adored by thoseRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The War 1264 Words   |  6 Pagesand Iranians. They are all sentenced to death. He also said that he saw the image of Al-Hussein, son of Ali, on the back of his horse shouting to all Muslims to stop this war. Oh Muslims†¦ Stop this cursed war.. stop it.. wake up ..stop it..it murders Islam .. murders you all(3.2. 376). But no one heard him and he was killed by an American cannon. So, Hussein was slain anew. Hussein, Sherief s son, calls on his father to try to stop such massacre, since he knows tha t his end will be soon. DerbalahRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Philadelphia Fire Essay1406 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Philadelphia Fire laments the impossibility of attaining this ideal in late twentieth-century urban America.† Start with the investigation of escaped orphan from the fire, Cudjoe, the protagonist of the novel revealed a decayed city. The narrative of this book is highly fragmented, especially in Part II, Wildman merged Cudjoe and himself to one narrator. In Part III, Wildman even created a mysterious character, J.B, to represent all the people saw the degeneration/fire. Through this way, WildmanRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1719 Words   |  7 Pagesthat reminds him of his father. In Umuofia; a clan of nine villages that lies deep in Igbo land where Unoka lives, it is expected that a father teach his children right from wrong. Unoka did not upload this tradition with his son Okonkwo. Okonkwo relies on his own analysis of what defines a good ma n, and to him this is someone who is the complete opposite of his father Unoka. Okonkwo feels that anything resembling his father or anything his father enjoys is weak. As a result his fear â€Å"of beingRead MoreGood Vs. Evil, By Flannery O Connor1242 Words   |  5 Pagesby Flannery O’Connor in 1953 and set in the rural southern United States, there are many themes, such as the importance of family, good versus evil, and Christian theology. The theme of good versus evil is more prominent throughout the story. This analysis will attempt to prove the theme of good versus evil that is present throughout all aspects, as seen in its characters, motifs, and symbolism, of thus producing a compelling and adventurous piece of literature. In this tale a family takes a vacationRead More‘Spring Offensive’ of Wilfred Owen1400 Words   |  6 Pagesto indulge in ruthless killing or they are exposed to the bullets or shells of the enemy’s for no great reason. Analysis of Lord Tennyson’s Tithonus : immortality consumes Tennyson’s Tithonus relates to the old Greek myth of Tithonus, a very handsome youth and the son of Laomendon, the king of Troy. The legend tells that Tithonus was loved by the dawn goddess, Eos, who bore him a son, the hero Memnon, king of Ethiopia. As his beloved was beloved was immortal, he requested her for the gift of immortalityRead MoreCritical Analysis : I Stand Here Ironing 1175 Words   |  5 PagesMalky Fried Professor Reichman GLL-121-G-QK March 15, 2015 Critical Analysis The 1930’s was a difficult time for everyone, however the Great Depression was particularly hard on single, divorced, or widowed women. Faced with adversity, they had to shoulder both burdens of breadwinner and nurturer amid extreme destitution. It was a time of desperation for many families to survive. Work was scarce. Life was hard. FamiliesRead MoreLight Shade: An Exegetical Brief of Psalms 272043 Words   |  9 Pagesoutline and Structural Analysis! - Enemies and the Fear of the Lord (v1-3)! - The Psalmist’s One Petition (v4-6)! - Distress, but resolved to wait on Jehovah (v7-12)! - Reassurance (v13-14)! ! B. Introduction ! ! The book of Psalms consists of one hundred ï ¬ fty songs and prayers in the Wisdom literature section of the Bible. The identiï ¬ cation of some psalms as prayers is also seen within the text, for example in the conclusion to Psalm 72, The prayers of David son of Jesse are ended

Marketing Research And Communication Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Research And Communication. Answer: Objectives of the research Market research is one of the most important aspect ofmarketing as it gives out an in depth idea and insightful information about the target market, competition and the expansion scope along with the growth of the business as well as the industry. Market research facilitates, the strategy and planning procedure organizes the policy and decision making of the business organization. Market research is essential in every step that a company takes whether it is a large scale operation or a small scale business, without having relevant information about the business environments it is impossible for an organisation to take any decision (Sarstedt and Mooi 2014). The objective of market research is basically to get an insight about customers and target market of the business. Customer satisfaction is one of the most significant ideas behind creating andmarketing products. Market research helps in finding out the strengths and opportunities of the business by reviewing and analysing data. The company also can understand where there is a gap in what the customer wants and what is being provided by the company. The weaknesses of the product or service are also brought into the light with the help of market survey. Some of the key objectives of customer satisfaction market survey are: To understand the market segmentation To identify the growth while diversifying the product To get an in-depth review about the level of customer satisfaction and prospects of improvement To identify the gap of performance by the company on the existing products. Fulfilment of objectives In order to fulfil the objectives of the market research it is important for a large scale business organization to team up with a research company who will do the needful as per the requirements of the business. The management of the company should keep a check on the research process in order to try to ensure that the research is performed in an effective and professional way and that the data collected and analyzed by the third party is consistent. The company needs to have an information base data collection of the existing customers who can give insights regarding the weakness and the requirement gap that has occurred in the product or service. The regular customers will also be able to answer the fact that whether a diversification of the product will be accepted by the people or what are the prospects of improvement. As Aldi is a supermarket chain and has ingrown brand as well, the company places itself in the market as a high quality and reasonable price product and service. Aldi is a multinational company that has a huge turn over. Research should take place depending on the market segmentation (Babin and Zikmund 2015). Research takes place in two basic ways one is secondary and the other is primary. Under these categories there are other sub categories. Secondary research forms the fundaments of the primary research it is the information that is gathered and analyzed form the documents and journals that are already available in the particular subject or topic. Reviewing and understanding this data saves time and a lot of effort it also makes the primary research process a lot easier. For a super market brand like Aldi there are several documents that are already available. Any research process requires a plan and a strategy to proceed (Szolnoki and Hoffmann 2013). To understand the customer satisfaction of Aldi what is first required is to find out which outlets have the maximum number of footfall and gather information about the customers from those outlets and stores (McQuarrie 2015). As Aldi is a multinational company it is important for the research company to understand that the buying behavio ur of a person heavily depends on the cultural background of that person. If a questionnaire is being prepared to be circulated among the existing customers for the purpose of primary research there are several points to be kept in mind. Firstly, the company should make the questions compact and to the point. Secondly, the questions should be relevant to the location it is catering. Thirdly, the language of the questions should be grammatically correct and should be in easy language for everyone to understand (Yin 2013). Fourthly, there should not be many questions as it has the potential to take away interest from the customers. One of the biggest aspects of market research is gathering of sample, therefore it is important for the company to have a clear idea about the specific topic that has to be research. Gap analysis is a large topic; the company should narrow down the idea to a single path so that the focus is not all over the place. If the central idea is set, the sampling wi ll also be easy and more accurate resulting in a better analysis and review of data collected from this sample. Stores should have a list of loyal customers and a record of how frequently these people visit the stores, to identify the loyal customers the research company can go through the records of billing (Amphora, Birks and Wills 2013). Conclusion In order to analyze the gap in between what Aldi is offering and what is expected by the customers there can be several option for the company. Firstly the managers of the stores can be appointed to gather information from the customers as feedback. Feedback forms can be gathered ad analyzed by the research company. Customers can be emailed questioner for the improvement of the services and the products that Aldi has to offer. There should be an account in which managers of different stores record the cases of grievances and complaints that has been escalated by the customers, that account is very insightful and will give out a lot of in depth knowledge about the satisfaction level of the company along with the gap that has been created on the behalf of the business. A manager who is responsible to carry out an research process should have a clear mind as a pre-determined idea about the outcome can hinder the analysis process making it biased. References: Babin, B.J. and Zikmund, W.G., 2015.Exploring marketing research. Cengage Learning. Malhotra, N.K., Birks, D.F. and Wills, P., 2013.Essentials of marketing research. Pearson. McQuarrie, E.F., 2015.The market research toolbox: a concise guide for beginners. Sage Publications. Ormston, R., Spencer, L., Barnard, M. and Snape, D., 2014. The foundations of qualitative research.Qualitative research practice: A guide for social science students and researchers,2. Ritchie, J., 2003. The applications of qualitative methods to social research.Qualitative research practice: A guide for social science students and researchers,24, p.e46. Sarstedt, M. and Mooi, E., 2014. A concise guide to market research.The Process, Data, and. Szolnoki, G. and Hoffmann, D., 2013. Online, face-to-face and telephone surveysComparing different sampling methods in wine consumer research.Wine Economics and Policy,2(2), pp.57-66. Yin, R.K., 2013.Case study research: Design and methods. Sage publications.

Applying Ethical Theory Apple and FBI

Question: Discuss about the Applying Ethical Theory for Apple and FBI. Answer: Introduction Apple Vs FBI: All you Need to Know This case study enlightens the disputes and arguments between Apple and FBI showcases various advantages and disadvantages of the high security provided in the Apples iPhones. The case study focuses on the negative aspects of the security and authorization promoted in the iPhones while the Apple defends the situation by claiming that the security and authorization are for the safety and privacy of the users data which cannot be compromised at any cost. The huge concern in this case study is the rising disputes and disagreements between the technical or IT companies and the government firms. There are several clashed between them due to the data access rights and authorization processes. In this case study, the US FBI identifies a criminal and also investigates that the criminal used the iPhone (Litschka et al, 2011). The FBI also claims that more information about the criminal and his companions can be extracted by using the iPhone as a key element. This phone requires passwords for the phone lock which the FBI requested iPhone to unlock (Haidt Jonathan, 2012). Apple however responded claiming that providing the key or solution to the locks and granting the access and authorization without the passwords would require software and would be completely unsafe. The company defended their decision by claiming that if the such kind of unlocking key or solutions would be developed then the significance of the locks would not remaining powerful anymore. Ethical Issues, Cyber Crime and Security The ethical issue here is the safety and security provided by the company. It has been stated that the government agency FBI wanted to use the unlocking software or key which request was avoided by Apple. The company needs such high end security providing devices which cannot be tempered by anyone and the security must be so strong for anybody to unlock it easily for solving this issue. The FBI found another solution of getting the phone unlocked by some another agent or company. It was for governmental use where the government agency hired another agency to unlock the system of the iPhone (Bergum Dossetor, 2005). This was an ethical step taken by the FBI to get the correct details of the shooter. The company did focus on securing and maintaining the privacy of the users data. The security features of Apple are quite stronger but are yet broken and tempered by another company (Ravven Heidi, 2013). As per Apple, (2016) the ratio of cyber crime has increased as the security and privacy gets enhanced. The safety and security provides a shield to the criminals under the influence of which, the criminals are able to commit various cybercrime. However for the governmental bodies, these security aspects must be compromised. Social inclusion describes the inclusion of the society which results in the positive changes and actions that are taken positively by the company, this case study reveals that the results may be positive in fact there are some action steps that may be a beneficiary for FBI. In the given case study, there are community and identity as the topics which consists of the common interests of the company as such there are common standards, norms and values carried out by the company to positively plan for the increase in the awareness of cyber crime (Ravven Heidi, 2013). As discussed, privacy and security are important for cyber crime, so are these concepts important. Pervasive computing are the wireless technologies with advanced form but are sometimes dangerous as they seem to be the privacy advocate which is concerned with a practical standpoint. At the end these ethical issues are considered and the results are considered that Apple stuck on the success with defending civil liberties (Ung Hee, 2013). The consequentialism and deontological Theories and their implications on the case study In this case the consequentialism theory can be applied to identify the exact need and importance of the demand made by the governmental bodies. This theory helps in identifying the right thing to do as per the consequences. If the condition is extreme where the company can get a solution to a huge problem just with the cooperation of the IT firm, then both the parties must mutually understand the requirements and propose a solution. IN this case too, the court identified a solution according to the situation (Pojman Fieser, 2009). Apple was not ready to compromise with its security and safety aspects while the FBI was demanding the company to unlock several features and provide solution to get access to the phone which gets the consequentialism theory into action. In this case none of the side was ready to compromise thus the court decided to find a third party which can help in unlocking the phone and extracting the data. This mission and idea was successful and the solution was obtained. The consequentialism theory thus states that identification of the correct action to perform is very important and necessary.This theory helps immensely in identifying the proper and required solution and to get the beneficial outcomes from the solutions (Ravven Heidi, 2013). The deontology theory states that to break a promise given to the other person is seen as a lack of respect and is completely a wrong practice (Pojman Fieser, 2009). In this case, applying the deontoligical theory for Apple, the company believes that it has promised its customers for providing security and safety for their data and breaking the promise made to the customers while providing decoding and unlocking solutions to the FBI would break the trust of the customers and is ideally wrong practice to follow in the market. Thus the company decided to stand by the decision of keeping the promise made to the customers of securing their data and not providing the FBI with the decoding solutions (Bergum Dossetor, 2005). The significance of the deontological theory here is to identify the promises made ot the customers and maintain the trust of the customers by following the promises made.This theory would help into getting a trustworthy base and a reliable reputation and gives a solution which is highly beneficial. Recommendations It has been witnessed that after identifying the different theories and applying it on the case study, the problems can be solved by applying the feasible and proposed solutions which are documented in the theories. The ethical theories like deontological and consequential theories, provides guidance regarding the action to be taken when an adverse situation arises. The in depth analysis of the problem and the identification of correct solution and methodology is provided by these theories which would help in getting an effective and efficient result. https://www.cnbc.com/2016/03/29/apple-vs-fbi-all-you-need-to-know.html References: Apple (2016). Ethical Conflicts between Apple and FBI US. Available at: www.apple.com last accessed: 15th sep 2016. Bergum, V., Dossetor, J. (2005). Relational ethics. The full meaning of respect.Hagerstown, MD: University Publishing Group. Haidt, Jonathan (2012), The Righteous Mind : Why Good People Are Divided by Politics and Religion, New York: Pantheon Books. Keyton, J. Shockley-Zalabak, P. (2006). Case studies for organizational communication (2nd Ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Roxbury Publishing Company. Litschka, M., Suske, M., Brandtweiner, R. (2011). Decision Criteria in Ethical Dilemma Situations: Empirical Examples from Austrian Managers. Journal of Business Ethics, 104(4), 473-484. Tomescu, M., Popescu, M. A. (2013). Ethics And Conflicts of Interest In The Public Sector. Contemporary Readings in Law and Social Justice, 5(2), 201-206. Ung Hee, L., Hye Kyoung, K., Young Hyung, K. (2013). Determinants of Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Its Outcomes. Global Business Management Research, 5(1), 54-65. Pojman, L.P. Fieser, J. (2009). Ethics: Discovering right and wrong. Stamford, CT: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. Ravven, Heidi M. (2013), The Self Beyond Itself: An Alternative History of Ethics, the New Brain Sciences, and the Myth of Free Will, New York: The New Press.

Aqua Silencer free essay sample

This project is an attempt to reduce the toxic content of diesel exhaust, before it is emitted to the atmosphere. This system can be safely used for diesel power packs which could be used in inflammable atmospheres, such as refineries, chemicals processing industries, open cost mines and other confined areas, which demands the need for diesel power packs. WORKING PRINCIPLE The aqua silencer is more effective in the reduction of emission gases from the engine exhaust gas using perforated tube. By using perforated tube the back Pressure. Will remain constant and the sound level is reduced. Using the perforated tube the fuel consumption remains same as conventional system. By using water as a medium the sound can be lowered and also by using activated charcoal in water. We can control the exhaust emission to a grater level. The water contamination is found to be negligible in aqua silencer, because the amount of acidity level in aqua silencer is expected to be below the dangerous acidity. We will write a custom essay sample on Aqua Silencer or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is smokeless and pollution free emission and also very cheap. The aqua silencer’s performance is almost equivalent to the conventional silencer. ADVANTAGES Diesel engines are playing a vital role in Road and sea transport, Agriculture, mining and many other industries. Considering the available fuel resources and the present technological development, Diesel fuel is evidently indispensable In general, the consumption of fuel is an index for finding out the economic strength of any country. Aqua silencer free essay sample An aqua silencer is used to control the noise and emission in ic engines. The reason why we go for aqua silencer is, in today life the air pollution causes physical ill effects to the human beings and also the environment. The main contribution of the air pollution is automobiles releasing the gases like carbon dioxide, unburned hydrocarbons etc. In order to avoid this type of gases by introducing this aqua silencer. It is fitted to the exhaust pipe of the engine, Sound produced under water is less hearable than it produced in atmosphere. This mainly because of small sprockets in water molecules, which lowers its amplitude thus, lowers the sound level. The emission can be controlled by using the activated charcoal layer and it is highly porous and posses extra free valences so it has high absorption capacity. So absorb the gases from the engine and release much less position to the environment. We will write a custom essay sample on Aqua silencer or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The noise and smoke level is considerable less than the conventional silencer, no need of catalytic converter and easy to install. CHAPTER 2 COMPONENTS AND EXPALANATION: COMPONENTS: Perforated Tube. Charcoal Layer. Outer Shell. Non Return Valve. Flange. H-Nipple. EXPLANATION: PERORATED TUBE The perforated tube consists of number of holes of different diameters. It is used to convert high mass bubbles to low mass bubbles. The charcoal layer is pasted over the perforated tube. Fig 1. Perforated Tube CHARCOAL LAYER The charcoal layer has more absorbing capacity because it has more surface area. This charcoal is called as ACTIVATED CHARCOAL. It is produced by heating the charcoal above 1500 ‘c foe several hours in a burner. Its surface area gets increased. Fig 2. Charcoal Layer Outer Shell: The whole setup was kept inside the outer shell. It is made up of iron or steel. The water inlet, outlet and exhaust tube was provided in the shell itself. Fig 3. Outer Shell NON RETURN VALVE: The non return valve is a mechanical device a valve, which normally allows fluid (liquid or gas) to flow through it in only one direction. Check valves are two-port valves, meaning they have two openings in the body, one for fluid to enter and the other for fluid to leave. An important concept in check valves is the cracking pressure which is the minimum upstream pressure at which the valve will operate. Typically the check valve is designed for and can therefore be specified for a specific cracking pressure. The Aqua silencer was filled with water and it is directly connected to the exhaust pipe of the engine. There is a chance for the water to get enter into the engine cylinder. To avoid this, Non return valve is used. It allows the flow of fluid in one direction only. Fig 4. Non Return Valve FLANGE: A flange joint is a connection of pipes, where the connecting pieces have flanges by which the parts are bolted together. Here flange is used to connect the silencer to the engine. Fig 5. Flange H- NIPPLE: It is a device which is used to connect two pipes together. It consists of two threaded sides. Fig 6. H-Nipple CHAPTER 3 CONSTRUCTION: Basically an aqua silencer consists of a perforated tube which is installed at the end of the exhaust pipe. The perforated tube may have holes of different diameters. The very purpose of providing different diameter hole is to break up gas mass to form smaller gas bubbles the perforated tube of different diameter . Generally 4 sets of holes are drilled on the perforated tube. The other end of the perforated tube is closed by plug. Around the circumference of the perforated tube a layer of activated charcoal is provided and further a metallic mesh covers it. The whole unit is then placed in a water container. A small opening is provided at the Top of the container to remove the exhaust gases and a drain plug is provided at the bottom of the container for periodically cleaning of the container. Also a filler plug is mounted at the top of the container. At the inlet of the exhaust pipe a non-return valve is provided which prevents the back flow of gases and water as well. Fig 7. Aqua Silencer CHAPTER 4 WORKING: As the exhaust gases enter in to the aqua silencer, the perforated tube converts high mass bubbles in lo low mass bubbles after that they passes through charcoal layer which again purify the gases. It is highly porous and posses extra free valences so it has high absorption capacity. After passing over the charcoal layer some of the gases may dissolved in to the water and finally the. Exhaust gases escape through the opening in to the atmosphere. Hence aqua silencer reduces noise and pollution. CHAPTER 5 EFFECTS OF DISSOLVED GASES ON WATER: The water is a good absorbing medium. In aqua silencer the gases are made to be dissolved in water. When these gases dissolved in water they form acids, carbonates, bicarbonates etc, Action of dissolved SO2 : When Sox is mixed in water, it form SO2, SO3, SO4, H2SO4, H2SO, i. e. sulfur Acid ( H2SO3,), it forms Hydrogen Sulphide which causes fol rotten egg smell, acidify and corrosion of metals. Action of dissolved CO2: The dissolved carbon dioxide forms bicarbonate at lower PH and Carbonates at higher PH. This levels 40-400 mg/liter. The form a scale in pipes and boilers. The carbon dioxide mixes with water to form Carbonic acid. It is corrosive to metals and causes green house effect. Effect of dissolved NOx: The Nitrogen in water under goes Oxidation to form ammonia, Nitrate, Nitrite, Nitric acid. This synthesis of protein and amino acids is effected by Nitrogen. Nitrate usually occurs in trace quantities in surface water. A limit of 10 mg per liters Nitrate is affordable in drinking water. CHAPTER 6 METHODS TO CONTROL THE WATER POLLUTION: In aqua silencer the water gets polluted by the dissolved gases As in above topics said these gases are mixed with water to form carbonate, acids like carbonic acid, sulfuric acid, and Nitrous acid etc. the petroleum products contains phenols which gives suffocating smell. The sulfur gas mixes with water to form hydrogen sulfide, which give rotten egg smell. These should be controlled to minimum the water pollution. There are two methods: 1) Lime water wash method 2) Adsorption process LIME WATER WASH METHOD: The water is treated with the calculated quantities of slaked lime. One should have the quantitative analysis of water to go for this process. After mixing the heavy precipitates settle down as sludge at the bottom of the tank are removed from time to time. Lime can neutralize any acid present in the water. SO2, gases are removed from the flue gases forming calcium sulphate. The precipitates dissolved carbon dioxide as calcium carbonate and converts bicarbonate ions into carbonates. The equations are given below. The SO2 gas is removed from the flue gases forming calcium sulphate Ca(OH)2 + SO2. .. .. .. . CaSO3 +H2O Neutralizes any acid present in water 2HCL + Ca(OH)2. CaCl2 + 2H2O H2SO4 + Ca (OH)2.. CaSO4 + 2H2O Precipitates bicarbonate as calcium carbonate CO2 + Ca(OH)2.. CaCO3+2H2O Precipitates bicarbonate as calcium carbonate Ca(HCO3)2 + 2Ca (OH)2 2CaCO3 + 2H2O Converts bicarbonate ions (Like NaHCO3, KHCO3 etc. ) into carbonates. NaHCO3+ Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 + H2O + Na2 CO3 LIMITATIONS OF LIME WATER WASH METHOD: 1. Amount of neutralization capacity is limited 2. It is very difficult to handle 3. Bridging and form are formed 4. It is expansive 5. Regeneration is possible 6. Lime in any form it is difficult to handling. ADSORPTION PROCESS: Activated charcoal is available in granular or powdered form. As it is highly porous and Possess free valences. So it posses high absorption capacity. Activated carbon is more widely used for the removal of taste and odorous from the public water supplies because it has excellent properties of attracting gases, finely divided solid particles and phenol type impurities, The activated carbon, usually in the powdered form is added to the water either before or after the coagulation with sedimentation. But it is always added before filtration. Feeding devices are similar to those used in feeding the coagulants. ADVANTAGES OF ADSORPTION PROCESS: 1. It increases the coagulation power of the process. 2. Its use reduces the chlorine demand. 3. The excessive dose of activated carbon is not harmful. 4. The treatment process is very simple and it requires nearly no skill 5. The efficiency of removing color, odor and taste is quite high. 6. It has excellent properties of attracting gases. CHAPTER 7 MERITS AND DEMERITS OF AQUA SILENCER MERITS: No vibration when the engine is running. Start the engine easy. Control emission and noise in greater level. Carbon is precipitated. DEMERITS: Frequent water filling is required. Silencer weight is more comparing to conventional silencer. Cost of activated charcoal is more. CHAPTER 8 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT: There has been an increasing concern in recent years over the increasing of transportation and discharge of industrial waste waters into environment. The automobile emission contains air pollutants and other species. Almost all pollutants are toxic in nature. Some of the examples are CO, CO2, NOX, and Hydrocarbon. Among the air pollutants, all are most effective pollutants. Hence, the removal of pollutants was selected for the present study. Several expensive techniques are available in developed countries. But in developing countries like India is not applicable since adsorption technique is less expensive and economically feasible, it has been selected for the present study using some cheap cost chemicals as an effective adsorbent. Therefore the objective of the present work was to test the ability of some chemicals in removing air pollutants from automobile emission. CHAPTER 9 RESULT ANALYSIS ON EMISSION: Fig 8. Result Analysis of Noise without Aqua Silencer Fig 9. An employed Aqua Silencer Fig 10. Analysis with Aqua Silencer RESULT ANALYSIS ON NOISE: First the noise of the engine with 4-stroke single cylinder diesel engine in our laboratory was up to 105db. Then the noise produced after the aqua silencer was fitted up to 75db. Thus the noise reduction was achieved and the noise was measured by using decibel meter. CHAPTER 10 CONCLUSION: The aqua silencer is more effective in the reduction of emission gases from the engine exhaust using perforated tube and charcoal, by using perforated tube the backpressure will remain constant and the sound level is reduced. By using perforated tube the fuel consumption remains same as conventional system. By using water as a medium the sound can be lowered and also by using activated charcoal in water we can control the exhaust emission to a greater level. The water contamination is found to be negligible in aqua silencer. It is smokeless and pollution free emission and also it is very cheap. This aqua silencer performance is almost equivalent to the conventional silencer. It can be also used both for two wheelers and four wheelers and also can be used in industries. CHAPTER 11 REFERENCES: Bansal T K and Sharma H R 1992 Chromium removal by adsorption on rice husk ash. Indian J. Environ. Prot. 12 (3): 198? 201. D. M. Gedziora 1970,Exhaust Silencer Journal on Flow Consideration in Industrial Silencer Design by George Feng S. Ristic and Tonkovic M 1986 Sorption of chromium (VI) on hydroxide iron oxides Z. Wass. Abwass. Forsch. 19: 186? 196. Prabavathi Nagarajan and Priscilla Prabavathi 2005 A Study of removal of Pb (II) by adsorption technique using carbonized tamarind seed and coast. Indian J. Environ. Prot. 25(5): 433 ? 435. Gupta, R. K. , et al. Ecology of polluted waters A. P. H. Publishing Corporation, New Delhi, p. 231-243, (2002).

Nutrition and Healthy Eating Habits Essay

Nutrition and Healthy Eating Habits Essay Nutrition and Healthy Eating Habits Essay Vegetarianism: A Way of Life Jimmy Thompson COMM/215 August 27, 2013 Gerry McFarland Vegetarianism: A Way of Life Many years ago, the human diet consisted mainly of plants, such as vegetables and fruits; the diet also consisted of nuts, grains, and legumes. As newer foods and places such as fast food chains were developed, the diet began to grow into a more complex and unhealthy way of eating. This new way of eating has increasingly taken a toll on human lives, as well as the life of planet earth. This is one of the many reasons that I chose to become a vegetarian. Industries, such as fast food chains, have sadly caused obesity in humans, especially in the United States, which has become an epidemic amongst children and adults. There are many more factors other than fast food that are to blame, but it is ultimately up to an individual’s personal choice as to whether or not they choose a healthy way of life. Fast Food Industry Sugar, high fructose corn syrup, harmful chemicals and other bizarre things are what fast food companies such as McDonalds and Burger King are feeding to their customers. These absurd chemicals have been known to be some of the causes of obesity, which has become an extreme epidemic in America. Healthy eating habits have not been gaining enough buzz from the general public, but it has gotten much better with the help of many organizations. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention has listed on their website that thirty-seven percent of American adults are considered obese and seventeen percent of American adolescents are obese. This is drastically higher compared to recent years and is embarrassing compared to other countries. Obesity is associated with diseases such as cancer, heart disease and diabetes, and eating healthy can certainly decrease these aliments (Nursing Standard, 2013). It is very concerning what people continue to put into their bodies, espec ially when there have been news articles and reports on what is in the food that people are consuming. Although consuming fast food is convenient and can often times be cheap, it is very harmful to the body, as well as the planet. Even though fast food chains have made changes in some of the products they offer, they still have not changed the way their food is being produced. There are many people who try and justify their reasoning for eating fast food. They say they cannot afford to eat healthy, but comments like those are nonsense, because eating healthy is in fact not expensive and cost much less than eating fast food. The world has been succumbed to convenience and many people will do whatever they can to accomplish something in as little time as possible; therefore, eating fast food satisfies that need for convenience because it takes no time to purchase it and then devour it. Unfortunately, it is causing great harm to the bodies that are consuming fast food. Fast food chains need to take responsibility for the obesity rates in America, which surprisingly, McDonald’s has. According to Strategic Direction (2005), McDonald's seems willing to accept a share of the blame for the obesity problem. Indeed, the company has gone as far as saying that eating too many of its burgers is definitely bad for you. If this is the case, fast food companies need to ensure they are using organic products in their food. Resources The American public is uneducated when it comes to eating healthy and knowing how to prepare cost friendly meals. There are resources today that are reaching out to educate, such as the Let’s Move initiative. This initiative was created by Michelle Obama and it is empowering people of all ages to get up and move. The program teaches through exercise, which is one of the most important factors to a long and healthy life. The First Lady’s program is very motivating and it is inspiring individuals from all walks

Exam questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Exam questions - Essay Example Times have changed, and this has brought issues such as environmental concerns (Shaheena, 2008). The following are some of the other trends that have arisen in the sphere; Organizations under Constant Scrutiny One notable development over the past decades is that organizations are continually loosing grip of the information that reaches their customers. This is the information era, and everyone seems to know more than they actually do. The fact that people are constantly seeking information, the numerous channels of passing information, and that there is freedom of expression in most nations forces most organizations to lose some grip on the information that gets to the public (Thomas, 2009). This is the reasons why organizations are competing with these outside sources of information by using the same means such as setting up websites along with utilizing popular social media sites. Responsibility as an Organizational value During the past few decades, many organizations have incorp orated the elements such as sustainability, responsibility, and respect into their workplaces. Initially, only a handful held this trait since their work demanded so. Examples of such organizations included Ben & Jerry’s, Starbucks, and Tom’s of Maine. ... In 1943, Johnson & Johnson was accredited as the first organization to act responsibly towards the community. While the CSR department is deemed as the core steward of this attribute, present trends depict that organizations are using them internally requiring everyone to exhibit good citizenship. Recognition that CSR can foster skills in the workplace It is said by some economic experts that the world economy is still trying to heal its wounds from the economic downturn of 2008. During this period, most multinationals focused on the validity of every job and employee within their realm. The recession caused most organizations of this nature to limit the leadership and training initiatives. This caused a challenge since the heart of any organization can be stated as its employees; they put the welfare of the organization in a destitute place whenever they are not advancing in any way. The future seemed obscured for most of these organizations up until some discovered that CSR held a key to the issue (Thomas, 2009). Organizations such as IBM used CSR to indirectly train its employees. The technique was that activities embedded into CSR such as volunteering are imperative in building skills in employees; mainly through skill-based and pro-Bono volunteering. For instance, IBM commissioned approximately a hundred and fifty thousand workers to perform community service all across the globe. This technique was assumed by other organizations who sought to benefit in the same way. It was possible to do so because the workload was dismal thanks to the recession, but it gave organizations something to mull about. Presently, organizations can consent some of their workforce to this service to the society and consequently develop skills without

Pressures on employees at work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Pressures on employees at work - Essay Example The designed guidelines touch on the numerous and diverse demands made by staff workers and the degree of control that staff members have their duties and responsibilities. The guidelines additionally address the managerial support systems within a workplace, the degree of clarity of an individuals position and responsibilities attached to the position and staff relationships within the workplace. The guidelines provided by the Health Survey for England (HSE) are founded on broad studies. In the course of their formulation, HSE conferred with numerous stakeholders including employers, staff members, staff organizations and other interested parties. This approach was intended to improve the way organizations dealt with stress related issues at the workplace. Therefore, an individual may enquire what stress is. It is defined as an unfavourable reaction individuals have to intense demands or other forms of demands placed upon them. It is different from basic workplace pressure, which sometimes develops motivational tendencies. The unfavourable response can negatively affect the affected individuals mental health developing into extreme cases of anxiety and depression. Individual-environment fit theory states that the effects of stress may come about when intimidating workplace demands culminate into unevenness in the interrelation between a person and the environment of his or her workplace. Even though dominant, the framework is regarded by some scholars to have produced an unclear method to the analysis of work-related stress (Chemers et al. 1985) and it remains to be seen whether the confusion existing between the fit theory and its evaluation will end anytime soon. Another theory developed later known as the job strain theory has put emphasis on the interrelation between objective demands of the occupation environment and staff choice autonomy (Karasek & Theorell 1990). The focus is on the

I don't have any topic or image for this, please choose one Essay

I don't have any topic or image for this, please choose one - Essay Example This very museum is famous for collection of all very old and rare pieces of art. Proper security measures are available to ensure that the picture remains safe since there has been a history of stealing and damage being caused to this picture in the past. The painter himself, Leonardo Di Vinci, lived in Europe, Italy, and is world renown for his paintings all over the world. In his pieces of art, he usually made use of the natural angles, proportions and various patterns that gave him an edge over other painters of his time. This is one of the many pieces of arts that has been gifted to the world by the genius. Every angle of the picture holds some interest for the students of art and has led to various assumptions on each angle. For example, in case of eye brows, it is being often said that they were removed unintentionally during the course of art making. A scrupulous review of the picture reveals that there is hardly any hair on the face, the only one that can be detected is prob ably through the employment of single use of the brush. Regarding the subject of picture, the lady herself, on many occasions is being termed as a lady named Lisa Gherardini (Klein 15), who was born in the late XV century and the painter did not even give the portrait to her just because he was totally obsessed with the art that he had crafted. The face expression has held attention of many over number of years through decades. The background of the picture equally compliments the facial expressions and beauty surrounding the face. Many pieces of his art were incomplete, however due to his personal interest and fascination of the subject of the picture, the incumbent brought it to the level of perfection that has many in intrigue. Though exact date of this picture is unknown, yet it is being believed that picture sketching took place somewhere in the early days of the XVI century (between 1503 and 1506) (Goyer and Yorkey 210). The lady on the picture is often named as La Gioconda. I t is being said that the entire portrait took nearly three years to reach the final point of completion, or the point where it is today. From the subject point of view, there is mystery all over the face of the lady. It is being considered as a real mystery for number of reasons. Umpteen amounts of mysteries and stories are attached to it, while some specialists are not sure about the gender, others term it as unresolved, others term it as self portrait while the few of the rest term it as the picture of his wife. To another opinion, she was the wife of a Florence citizen named Francesco Del Gioconda (Cremante 236). The timings attributed to this picture are late afternoon onwards when the natural light would spark at a little low intensity which matched the requirements for portrait sketching perfectly. It is also being said that the painter himself, Leonardo Di Vinci, fell in love not just with the painting but the model in picture. Many have it that he used to carry this portrait along with himself and during the course of its sketching, music and peaceful environment were always in the background to bring the best and most natural expressions out of his subject. Considering its importance and value in the field of arts, it has been stolen number of times, however, on all occasions it was recovered. One of those attempts was made by a person named Vincenzo Peruggia (Crispino 106) early in the XX century .The man was the employee at the very place and it took a

A power amplifier

A power amplifier Introduction: A power amplifier is an electronic device that changes the magnitude of a signal. It is usually used to transfer high power to a low output load such as speakers where there load is about 8 ohms [1]. The relationship between the output and input is called the transfer function. An important aspect of the amplifier is the gain. The gain is the ratio between input and output whether this input is current, voltage or power. Therefore, the gain does not have a unit. The quality of the amplifier is determined by many aspects, which are gain, bandwidth, efficiency, linearity, noise and others. As one of these characteristics increase the others may decrease. Therefore, the amplifier will be designed to meet the required specifications determined by the application for which it will be used for. The various designs of the amplifiers are classified into many types which include A,B,C,D and some other types derived by combining the basic ones such as class AB which is obtained from class A and class B pertaining to their efficiency and linearity [1]. Ideally, power amplifiers are supposed to deliver 100% of the power to the load. However, as some of the power dissipates in the components of the amplifier, hence we do not have ideal power amplifiers. It is found that the linearity has an inverse relationship to the efficiency of the amplifier. The classes A, B and C power amplifiers are considered inefficient but linear whereas the other types are considered efficient but more complex than the basic types. Class A power amplifiers are least efficient than the others. The efficiency of class B is much higher than class A, however, class C has the highest efficiency level compared to class A and B [2]. The scope of this paper is to discuss class B power amplifier in details. Class B power amplifier: This class of amplifier was developed in order to improve class A power amplifiers, which have low efficiency rating. [1-3] shows and explains the internal design, the efficiency, the advantages and disadvantages, and the applications of class B power amplifiers. Internal circuit and operation: To get a sufficiently good amplification of the input waveform in the output, a push-pull class B power amplifier configuration must be used. This configuration is based on two transistors. The term push-pull comes from the fact that two transistors in a class B amplifier conduct in alternating half-cycles of the input [1]. Moreover, there are two types of push-pull configurations, one with transformers and one without transformers [2]. A balanced centre tapped input transformer is used to split the incoming waveform signal into two equal cycles that are 180 degrees out of phase with each other. Another center-tapped output transformer is used to recombine the signals. If the transformer is ideal we can get two collector currents that flow in opposite directions, hence no magnetization of the transformer core takes place which in turn minimizes the distortion in between the two signals. Both transistors used are of NPN transistor type where their emitter terminals are connected together [2]. discusses the mechanism in which the circuit works. Primarily, when no input signal is present, both transistors are biased at cutoff. When a signal is present during the positive half cycle, the transistors base inputs are in anti-phase to each other which causes transistor TR1to become biased above cutoff due to the positive base input that drives a large collector current, while TR2 is still biased at cutoff as the base current will go negative, making the collector current decrease by an equal amount of the increase in the collector current in TR1. This will result in an amplified positive-output half cycle. When the input signal is in the negative half cycle, the same procedure is done but in opposite, resulting in TR1 returning to the cutoff state while TR2 start building until it becomes biased above cutoff. This will result in an amplified negative-output half cycle. The half cycles combine to produce an output amplified 360 degrees signal with distortion. This effect is the push-pull effect. Advantages and Disadvantages of Class B power amplifier: Class B amplifiers have an advantage over class A amplifiers which is that the collector current is zero when the input signal to amplifier is zero that cause no power dissipation in the quiescent condition which leads to higher efficiency [1]. The main goal of using power amplifiers is to generate maximum AC power to the load, while consuming the minimum DC power possible from the supply. The efficiency of class B amplifiers in all types may reach up to 75% which is much higher than class A amplifiers [2]. The equation shown above is used to calculate the percentage efficiency of all power amplifiers. Pout is the power delivered to the load and PDC is the power taken from the supply. Class B amplifiers has one main disadvantage which is the high distortion that occurs in the output signal. This type of distortion is called the crossover distortion [2]. This distortion occurs when the transistors are switching over from one to another. Each transistor requires minimum voltage VBE which is about 0.7V to conduct. When one transistor is turning off by having VBE less than 0.7V and the other transistor is turning on but still the input voltage is not greater than VBE, the resulting is a zero voltage â€Å"flat spot† on the output wave shape as it crosses over from one half of the waveform to the other [2, 3].According to [2], the crossover distortion cause a reduction in the overall peak to peak value of the output waveform causing the maximum power output to be reduced. Hence, class B power amplifiers today are not used in many applications; it is only used as an audio amplifier. There are many ways to get rid of crossover distortion effect, but the most commo n one is to bias both the transistors at a point slightly above their cut-off point [1, 2]. This will lead us to class AB Amplifier circuit which is out of this paper scope. Application: The cost of class B amplifier is not high; therefore it is used in low budget designs. Furthermore, it is used in designs where the quality of the sound is not important because of the distortion it provides [3]. However, class B amplifier is preferred in designing audio power amplifiers [3]. [3] reveals that most of the time the music will be low so the signal will act as if it is in class A region. This means that the distortion will not be that bad. Moreover, the distortion can be minimized by using a negative feedback loop [3]. [3] also emphasizes that the sound power produced by this amplifier is huge and it can be run without heat sinks. Conclusion: This research was conducted in order to investigate the properties of class B power amplifier. First an overview about power amplifiers was considered in order to develop a better understanding about the reasons behind classifying them to many types. It was found that each class has its own application which it suits for. This is determined according to many aspects such as linearity and efficiency which are inversely proportional. Class B was found to be higher in efficiency compared to class A but less in linearity. Looking into the configuration of class B, it was found that class B amplifier has two possible configurations, one with a transformer and the other without the transformer. Both configurations works with two transistors where each one conducts for a half cycle (180 degrees), which gives the opportunity to the other transistor to cool. However, the configuration where the amplifier does not have a transformer is more efficient because less energy is lost in elements as a result of eliminating the transformer core. Class B amplifier was found to be used in low cost designs and designs where the clarity of the voice is not important. The crossover distortion can be removed by using a negative feedback loop or bias both transistors at a point slightly above their cut-off point, which is the idea of class AB power amplifier.

Buffalo 66 :: essays papers

Buffalo 66 Buffalo ‘66, a movie directed and written by Vincent Gallo starts with a baby picture of Billie Brown (played by Vincent Gallo himself), and then goes into shots of Billie getting out of prison. Billie the fresh free man is looking for a bathroom but has no luck in finding one. The shots used in the scenes where he’s on the search for a bathroom are some handy shots (a bit shaky), they cut in the middle and they are also shot from above this is, in my opinion to emphasize on the situation Billie is in. He really needs to go to the bathroom but has no fortune, until he enters a dance studio. There he meets Layla (played by Christina Ricci) a young blond girl that simply wanted some dance lessons. Billie asked her for a quarter to call his mother, and then suddenly decided to kidnap her. The reason for that was that he didn’t want to disappoint his parents, his parents thought he was successful and married. After all this Billie didn’t find a bathroom yet until they drove off to his house. In the scene where he finally pees, there is a close up shot of Billie’s face, to show the audience his reaction. He enters the car, and he is more calm he apologizes to Layla for being so aggressive, while he’s apologizing to her there is a close up shot of her and his voice in the background, this emphasizes on Layla’s reaction. During the drive back to Billie’s home there’s alot of shots of the neighborhood, in my opinion this is to enlighten the audience on the type of surrounding Billie grew up in, this helps in understanding his character. Billy and Layla finally arrive to his house, in front of the house there’s a huge sign: â€Å"Go Buffalo† this is a clue on the environment Billie lived in at home. It is obvious his parents are huge football fans by the decoration of the house. Layla get in the character of being Billy’s wife, she makes up a story that Billy works for the CIA and that she really adores him. The next scene shows us three of the characters sitting around a table, and every minute it keeps switching. It seems like the camera is going through a point of view of one of the characters, and it keeps changing each time someone else speaks.

Dimensions of win win habit

Only by having a foundation of trust and a strong emotional bank account can I come o the table with honesty and openness. When both partners bring a strong emotional bank account to the table, we are ready to deal honestly and fairly. The third dimension is agreements. From relationships flow the agreements that give definition and direction to win/win. In a win/win agreement, both parties agree on desired results, guidelines, resources, accountability, and consequences. Trust and mutual responsibility is the key to a win/win agreement.Proper management training is key to establishing the mindset needed to effectively carry out win/win agreements. The focus in a win/vain agreement is on results rather than methods, and people in a win/win agreement evaluate themselves. As such, a performance agreement that both sides agree to is key to an effective win/win agreement. Finally, a win/win agreement can only survive in an organization when the systems support it. I know that I get what reward. Thus, I must make sure that the systems surrounding any win/win agreement support a win/win mentality.To achieve the goals in my mission statement, the reward system must reflect my principles. Competition has its place in the marketplace, but cooperation is the key to interdependent relationships. There is a four step process to seeking a win/win solution. First, I see the problem from the other person's point of view. Then, I identify the key issues and concerns involved. Third, I determine what results would constitute a fully acceptable solution. Finally, identify new options to achieve those results. Want to take advantage of the potential for mutual benefit that win/win solutions offer.I am ready to see any conflict that arises from a win/win perspective and seek the solution that ill be mutually satisfactory to all parties. There are five dimensions to the habit of thinking Win/Win; 1 . Character – Thinking win/win requires integrity (the value we place on our own principles) on the part of both parties. It also requires maturity – the balance between courage and consideration. Expressing feelings with courage tempered by consideration for the feelings of others is the mark of a mature person.Finally, to think win/win, we need an abundance mentality, meaning we realize there is plenty out there for everyone. People with a scarcity mentality think there is only one pie and they are fighting to get as large a slice as possible. People with an abundance mentality realize there are lots of opportunities, more than a person can take advantage of. 2. Relationships – The Emotional Bank Account is a key to structuring a Win/Win. If enough deposits have been made over a period of time, you have a degree of credibility enabling you to focus on the issues, not on personality conflicts.If both parties have high emotional bank balances combined with a ointment to Win/Win, a tremendous amount of synergy is possible. If the other person is not thinking Win/Win, you have to take the lead and be proactive enough to keep hammering until they realize you genuinely want a Win/Win deal. The relationship can be the key to the success of the entire process. 3. Agreements -? These give definition and direction to Win/Win. TO be effective, agreements should focus on desired results rather than the methods to be followed.Guidelines specifying the parameters for the results and the resources available to achieve the results should be included. Also a method of accountability for evaluation and an outline of what will happen as a result of the evaluation. 4. Systems -? Win/Win can only survive in an organization when the systems support it. If you talk Win/Win but reward Win/Lose, then don't be surprised when everyone goes for Win/Lose scenarios. The training, planning, budgeting, communication, information and compensation systems all have to be geared towards Win/Win. 5.Processes – The essence of structuring Wining is to separate the person from the problem, to focus on interests ND not on positions, to invent options for positive mutual gain and to insist on objective criteria – some external standard or principle that both parties can accept. These processes are more fully examined in Habits 5 and 6. The five dimensions of the Win/Win model s described by the author are: Character is the foundation Of Win/Win. There Ernst be integrity in order to establish trust in the relationship and to define a win in terms of personal values.A key trait is the abundance mentality that there is plenty for everybody (v. The Scarcity Mentality). The abundance mentality flows from a deep inner sense of personal worth and security. Relationships are the focus on Win/Win. When there is a relationship of trust and emotional bank account balances are high, there is a much greater probability of a successful, productive interaction. Negative energy focused on differences in personality or position is eliminated ; positive, cooperative energy focused on understanding and resolving issues is built. Performance agreements or partnership agreements give definition and direction to Win/Win.

Free sample - Difference in Death. translation missing

Difference in Death. Difference in DeathThe Death of Ivan llyich and Strider: The Story of a Horse; are two pieces of literary work written by Tolstoy. The former came into being in 1886. The cardinal subject matter in that book is death. The book came in the limelight following his transition in religion back in 1870. The novel revolves around a forty five year old judge who is experiencing marital problems until such a time when he dies. â€Å"Strider† is one of the most interesting stories of Russian origin which Leo Tolstoy left unfinished only for Kholstomer to finish it later. Strider is a horse who narrates his ordeal and experience in the hands of different masters to the fellow horses until when he meets his death just as the story comes to an end. The thematic issues expressed by Tolstoy in this short narrative are exploitation and death. This particular article is written in an attempt to compare and contrast representations of death in the above mentioned texts by Leo Tolstoy. The arti cle will answer questions on how one should approach death basing the argument on these two books. The article will also analyze the characters used in the stories to embody Tolstoy’s ideal. In these two stories, it is evident that the approach of death begins with having a proper attitude towards life. In Ivan’s story, the author takes the reader through his life some years back when he was a very young man studying law. On clearing school, he manages to secure a job and moves to stay in another town. He gets married to Praskovya and problems start in their life immediately. This, from the author’s disposition is the beginning of Ivan’s death. In ‘Strider’, the horse story, the authors opens the story from a second point of view before the horse is allowed a chance to narrate his ordeal to the other horses. His life in the farm was not at its best, it is described as being old and bad looking, and his entire body was weak with his skin completely worn out. From Ivan’s story, death encompasses his life starting from his marriage. When he gets into trouble with his wife, Ivan decides to stay away from his family. While he goes to work he presents himself differently and changes abruptly while he arrives at home. In the same breath, his dream of becoming the top judge is slapped with an unexpected death and this saw him evacuating with his family to upcountry. In this text, the two deaths that encompass Ivan’s life is an indication that his real death is slowly by slowly approaching. This can be seen being fuelled by his failed marriage to Praskovya and failure to receive a promotion at his place of work. In ‘Strider’, the story of a horse, his death is slowly brought to the attention of the reader going by the mistreatment he gets from Nester. Being an old horse, he is harassed by the rest while grazing and quenching thirst. His weak foreleg seems to have met its death way before his real death. Comparing the h orse, and Ivan, one can deduce that, no matter how these two try to look at life in a positive way, they are frustrated at different points in their life adding salt to injury and so their deaths continues coming closer. In ‘The Death of Ivan llyich’, when he moves with his family to another place, Ivan looks for a better job and lucky enough he gets. He decides to buy a house and he moves his family in. going by this particular disposition, it is clearly seen that death is being distanced from the life of the main character. This comes after Ivan gets a job with help of a friend. He is completely settled ready to move on with his life. On the other hand, strider’s life takes a different turn when he begins to narrate his ordeal from when he was young. All the horses become interested to listen to his story. In the mind of the reader, the old, sick and weak horse is presented differently. His life which was painted so gloomy before the narration is being presented differently by the same horse. Just like Ivan’s life is taking a different turn away from death, so is Strider. The author in the two stories has given each a new life probably meant for plot development. However, death courts Ivan as soon as he settles down in his new home; he feels totally uncomfortable and decides to seek help from medical experts. After paying several visits to different doctors, he ends up getting more confused and he is not himself anymore. His outward appearance changes drastically and his mind started experiencing images of him dead. This serves as a wake call to him and he realizes indeed he is going to die. The approach of death in a systematic way by the author can clearly be seen. Despite the fact that, by him visiting doctors did not arrest the situation, is a deliberate move by the author to kill Ivan. In the same breath, Strider is slowly but surely taken towards his death by the author. This is clearly seen when he terms as experience his being changed fro one hand to the next. He recalls with nostalgia how he served two masters probably for the longest time in his career. The most unfortunate incidence was while he was serving a prince who almost caus ed his life. Since that time strider admits that the feeling that he will one day die has always courted him. In the two stories, it can be seen that, these two parties are confused with feelings of death at one time in their life. This is only a preparation for their real death that awaits him. In Ivan’s story, nobody seems to agree with him that he is almost approaching his death. People who are close to him just associate his condition with sickness. While in this stage, he realizes that, his only son Vasya seems to understand his condition better than anybody else. The nightmare that encompasses his mind leaves him in a very devastated situation. His journey towards death is characterized by pain and cannot move from his house. Death is surely some steps away. He starts looking at his past life and all this does not seem to make sense to him now that he is dying. The nightmare keeps coming in his mind but he is suddenly struck by a force in his chest. In his last minute to die, he quickly looks at all he had including his wife, and sees all this as a dream which never was. He dies seconds later. In the story of a horse, Strider meets his death after an a deal was sealed between his master and the veterinary. The two agree to cut his throat and this happens the fol lowing day when Strider as usual, did not go for herding but instead he was carried away meet his death with a knife. While cutting his throat, he did not seem to realize what was happening until suddenly when he felt a little pain and the burden he had carried in entire life came to an end at once. He was not frightened nor taken by surprise. According to Tolstoy, the steady approach toward death is accompanied by the realization of its strange power which leaves one devastated. This is what happens to Ivan and Strider. These two characters have been used throughout the narration by the author to deliver his information to the reader. These are the two characters alongside others who embodies Tolstoy’s ideal.

Critical Appraisal of healing in place of decline. Hamilton, Canada. Essay Example

Critical Appraisal of healing in place of decline. Hamilton, Canada. Essay Example Critical Appraisal of healing in place of decline. Hamilton, Canada. Essay Critical Appraisal of healing in place of decline. Hamilton, Canada. Essay Essay Topic: Hamilton Landscapes of a place provide for hurting or healing an individual living in the place. A place of residence provides identity and security to the person. It is the â€Å"setting of daily life† (Gesler 1992, 1993; Porteous. 1990). With improvement in economic conditions industrial places were labeled as ‘places of decline’. â€Å"Access to unadulterated nature and to green space has become central to conceptions of individual health and community well being† (Gesler, 1993; de Vries et el 2003; Takano et al; 2002). Certain places may become stigmatized and the people living in these places are assumed to lack awareness. â€Å"Individuals rarely identify their own neighborhood as polluted in relation to others. †(Bush et al 2001 and Bickerstaff and Walker 2001). The main objective of the case study made by Sarah Wakefield and Colin McMullan on Hamilton, an industrial city in Canada is to establish that renegotiation of local place image is central to the maintenance of wellbeing of its residents. The Central theme of this study is based on, how healing processes play a part in less than pristine places, unhealthy places. The case study includes in depth interviews with local residents, local officials and reports with details of descriptions of the areas and the feedback responses from the respondents between July 1996 and March 1999. Three separate research programs conducted in two suburban communities . It had a sample population of respondents with maximum difference in age, gender, distance from site of pollution, neighbor hood types, respiratory health, with or without children and members of local and environmental group. The third group also consisted of prominent Municipal members, representatives of the local government, health and social service organizations. Data collected from different groups, tape-recorded interviews transcribed and analyzed developed a set of key themes of relevance . They told similar stories. Steel industry formed the backbone of Hamilton and the people here earned more . The city appeared a smoke piled, ugly industrial wasteland known as the ‘Birmingham of Canada’, (Peace, 1989, p. 76) with the image of an ‘ugly blue collar town’ (Elliot. 1999). Northeast Hamilton had a bigger proportion of low income households, low in education, more unemployed, less ethnically diverse and high home owners. The physical environment of Hamilton was hazardous, with local harbor being the dumping ground for sewage and industrial waste. The Socio-demographic figures on Ontario’s health survey, endorse the above facts. Air pollution remains, with dust smoke odor, making an extensive effect on daily life. Social and environmental ills of north-east Hamilton make it a poorer health place than the rest of the city. Over the last four years, extensive cleanup efforts have been taken. Effort made on image makeover began with citizens reorienting themselves by associating with ‘good’ places that are recognized as healthy urban areas and alienating themselves from more polluted ‘bad’ areas like ‘North-end’. The residents tried to reduce the social stigma of staying here, by taking pride in having home ownerships and strong social connections. Image reconstruction occurred at two scales, one at the regional level attempting to redefine the place as a naturally inviting place, and the other at the local level emphasizing health making features, drawing marginal boundaries, promoting the healthy aspect of social ties, reliability and mutual help. The positive features of image constructions say, that, even if a place is understood to be disadvantageous, its residents may still vouch for the health affirming features related to their daily lives. The author of the study Sarah Wakefield and Colin McMullan have drawn up a fairly detailed and factual study of therapeutic landscaping in Hamilton, an industrial city in Canada. The author wants to point out that a place or dwelling may be marked as ‘good ‘or ’bad’ depending on the healthy features associated with the place. Yet its residents may not agree with the ‘bad’ element of the place in totality. The facts and figures given by the authors corroborate the findings, making the study a true experience. The details of experience of the residents only add to the conformity of the study. Thus the arguments raised by the authors are well supported with facts, figures, and feedback from the residents. The introduction to the study appears too elaborate and abstract, making it difficult to hold the span of attention of the reader. Comprehending the real purpose of study is vague and makes room for boredom to creep in. The style of writing is not much clear. Facts stated are not crisp and to the point. Too many facts have been brought under the consideration for a reader, adding to the ambiguity of the exploration. Actual information has been, more or less, lost between the quotes and citations made by the authors. Absence of clear demarcation of topics in paragraphs has made the whole reading lackluster. The interest wanes in the beginning and it is only after the feedback details of the interview are placed, that reading of the study gathers momentum. I think the paper should be given an ‘average’ grade. There is plenty of room for improvement in making the reading interesting. Language structure needs to be kept simple. The complex sentences used makes comprehension difficult. The completeness of the study definitely speaks for the success of the exploration, but it is complete with its limitations. Work Cited Bickerstaff. K. Walker. G. 2001. Public Understanding of air pollution: the ‘localization’ of environmental risk. Global Environmental Change (2) 133-145. Bush. J. Moffatl. S. Dunn. C, 2001. Even the birds round here coughs: Stigma, air pollution and health in Teesside Health and Place 7 (1) 47-56. Elliot. H. 1999. Restoring Balance is the Goal, Hamilton Spectator, 15 Dec, ppA12. DeVries, S. Verheej. R. A, Groeneweger. P. PSpreeuwenbergP. 2003, Natural environments healthy environments, an exploratory analysis of the relationship between geenspace and health Environment Planning, A35 (1717-1731). Gesler. W. M. 1998, Bath as a healing place. In Kearns R. A. Puting Health into Place. Syracuse University Press, Syracuse, New York pp 17-35. Gesler . W. M. 1991, the Cultural Geography of Healthcare, University of Pittsburg Press, Pittsburgh, PA. Gesler. W. M. 1992, Therapeutic Landscape: Media issues in light of the new cultural geography. Social Science and Medicine 34, 735-746. Peace. W. 1989 Landscape of Victorian Hamilton: the use of visual materials in recreating interpreting the past. Urban History Review xviii 75-85.

Beloved by Morrison OR Gilead by Robinson OR Fugitive Pieces by Essay

Beloved by Morrison OR Gilead by Robinson OR Fugitive Pieces by Michaels OR Mornings in Jenin by Abulhawa - Essay Example The story centers upon the fictional character Sethe, who lives in a small â€Å"gray and white house on Bluestone Road† (Morrison 1) with her surviving daughter Denver. As the story opens, it is made clear that Sethe's two sons, Howard and Bugler, both ran away at some point prior to the story opening because they couldn't deal with strange, ghostly activities happening at the house. Baby Suggs, Sethe’s mother-in-law and the woman who taught Sethe how to live again after escaping slavery, also once lived with them but died. Soon after the reader is introduced to these characters, a new character comes in. Paul D was one of the slaves Sethe had worked with on Sweet Home, a Kentucky plantation where she, her husband and several others had been cruelly treated. Upon her escape, an event that happened many years earlier, Sethe murdered her youngest child, a girl, desperately attempting to keep her baby from experiencing the type of degradation and abuse Sethe experienced a t the hands of Schoolteacher when she thought she was about to fall back into slavery. It is this spirit who returns to haunt her family in later years, finally manifesting itself in the bodily form of Beloved. Morrison’s deliberate use of the ambiguous in her statement of the story that â€Å"was not a story to pass on† as well as the ambiguous nature of her narrative style allows her to say a great deal without saying much. This ability of authors to express the incomprehensible is behind Catherine Belsey’s theory of a ‘crisis in subjectivity’ or ‘split subject.’ â€Å"Entry into language inevitably creates a division between the subject of the enunciation and the subject of the enonce, the ‘I’ who speaks and the ‘I’ who is the subject of discourse. The Subject is held in place in the discourse by the use of ‘I,’ but the ‘I’ of this discourse is always a stand in, a substitute, for the ‘I’ who speaks.† Another theory by Julia Kristeva introduces the idea of a â€Å"divided subject, even a pluralized subject, that occupies not a place of enunciation, but permutable, multiple, and mobile places.† Morrison’s approach in Beloved is an experimental narrative approach that allows a variety of reading levels while still telling a difficult story. In this sense, narrative is both a primary technical resource and serves as a theme that illustrates how adjustment to a life free of slavery was perhaps as difficult as conforming to life as a slave. Regardless of how the story is interpreted, although Sethe had escaped to freedom with her children and her life, her husband was missing and fear remained permanently rooted in her heart. The merest thought that she and her children might be taken back into slavery was worse than death so she attempted to kill the children rather than allow them to live the same sort of life she'd experienced a s a slave. Despite the fact that she is free and safe, Sethe cannot escape the haunting memories of her past. The scene of possible recapture takes place just after she has had a chance to understand what it means to be free. She had followed Baby Suggs out to the clearing in the woods where Baby Suggs gave the children permission to run and the mothers permission to hear them laugh and the men permission to dance and

Church and state Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Church and state - Essay Example Bearing this in mind it is easy to acknowledge the interplay that exists between politics and religion. Religion by itself has a greater impact on almost all the aspects of human live. Religion has an impact of human life aspects such as morals, fiction, as well as on aesthetic aspects such as art, architecture, and music. Additionally, it can be argued that religion acts like the guiding principle of life. Religion being the mirror of most human life aspects there is always some collisions whenever things deviate from the religious point of view. Of importance to note is that in some instance, the different religions find themselves conflicting when they fail to concur. The politicians are elected to lead the people as well as to make laws to guide the way of people live. The politicians are expected to have a balance between what the population wants as well as to moderate on religion expectations. The religion requires the state to enforce laws that they believe are morally uprigh t. In most cases, there arises some form of ambiguity when what the religion want implemented and enforced by the state is not implemented. For instance, according to religious point of view, abortion should be illegal and the state should enforce laws to illegalize the action. On the other side, the state maybe of the argument that under certain conditions abortion should be legalized. ... Through killing, the inborn to save the life of the mother violates this commandment. This may be a cause of disagreement between the state and the religion. The religion does not want the state to legalize such critical laws for the benefit of religious living. On the other side, the state wants to act for the well-being of its people regardless of the religion teachings and beliefs. For the state to make its judgment on such situations, it may opt to sideline the religion point of views and move with the majority of the people decision. A challenging issue on the other side arises when a country has more than one major religion and each with its own point of view. Each religion and its follows want their own point of view to be respected. In such situations, the state find itself in a critical situation when enforcing the laws as it has to forego the views of a particular religion and move with the majority of the population. For the offended religion, coming to terms with such rul ing is not easy; as they tend to believe that, their religion is, being compromised (Berman 35). Politics interplay with religions in a number of ways. A good example of this is the involvement of internal politics with significant religious organizations. A good example of this is in 2005 when Pope Benedict XVI was voted to be the Roman Catholic Pope. This was irrespective of the fact that the largest population of the Catholic followers are of Hispanic origin living in Central or South America. Another example is on religious group external politics organization. This regards the religious practices as well as beliefs on certain civic processes. For instance, the Muslim religion feminine gender refusal to pull off their headscarves in situations where they are required

The Perception of Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Perception of Nursing - Essay Example The term ‘leadership’ is usually described as the procedure of stimulating or motivating a collection of people in order to act accordingly for the purpose of accomplishing a common target. An effective leader is viewed to be an inspiration as well as the director of different activities which leads, influences, guides and commands people by a considerable level. The important features of a successful leader entail possessing the competence of building effectual communication proficiencies, quick problem-solving, making valuable decisions consistently and appropriately. It has been apparent from the fact that the aspect of leadership is deemed to be a vital management function which helps to maximize the individual competencies as well as probabilities in relation to the attainment of the expected organizational objectives (Northouse, 2009). The notion of nursing leadership refers to those activities which are performed by a nurse practitioner in order to provide a standard level of patient care. The leadership skills of a nurse practitioner includes making valuable decisions, resolving any sort of conflicts within the team members or multidisciplinary colleagues, acting with increasing integrity and maintaining a strong collaboration with every working member. In relation to the principles of a successful leader, the facet of ‘nursing leadership’ entails the practice of interpersonal as well as communication skills in order to manipulate different members with the intention of attaining a specific objective (Frankel, 2008). The meaning of the general term ‘applicability’ is relevant or appropriate to anything that may be applied in order to acquire an optimistic response. Moreover, it can be described as a deliberate act of applying any kind of a practical application for a specific reason or use (Riviere, 2011). ). For instance, in relation to this discussion, the applicability of nursing leadership with regard to the effectiveness of the patient as well as staff outcomes in modern clinical practices has been portrayed. Conversely, the notion of ‘effectiveness’ is principally described as the capacity of delivering or ensuring an effect in order to attain a predetermined purpose. Additionally, it is also defined as the extent towards which the different objectives are accomplished and the degree towards which the targeted problems are being solved in an efficient manner (Waldt, 2004). The importance of nursing leadership in relation to patients relies on the fact that the nur sing leaders play an imperative part in serving different patients with utmost personal care along with shaping the profession of nursing in order to become more responsive in today’s changing healthcare systems. The nursing leaders usually

Patterns In Plant Distribution Along The Shore To Land Gradient On A Coastal Beach Essay Example for Free

Patterns In Plant Distribution Along The Shore To Land Gradient On A Coastal Beach Essay The plants pattern distribution along the shore to land gradient on coastal beaches is relatively in species diversity because many plants are not adapted to the harsh environmental conditions which include slat spray, sand movement and dry nutrients poor substances. However, some plants survive and nourish well in the coastal environment especially the colonizing species which are important to the early stabilization of freshly deposited sediments. For example, the American beach grass and dune sand bur grass which are pioneer colonist in diversity and are distributed along the coastal. They stabilize and initiate dunes (Cheplick 113). Annual grass species are relatively abundant in the coastal ecosystems making them denser in pattern and are well distributed. Along the shores due to disturbance by sand movements and other geographical factors there is a mixture of exotic frasses brought by water movements or waves and natives as dune sand bur grass. Beaches are commonly dominated by native perennial grasses that are the American beach grass whish is scientifically known as Ammophilia breviligulata. Typically it co exists with other annual grasses and herbs in the pioneer zones. There are no fully developed fore dune as in the case of Dune sand bur along the stated island shore, however there is a small distribution pattern along the shores. The American beach grass is more densily distributed along the beach especially at, Midland beach and does not have liable seeds due to its seed dispersion (Cheplick 147). The purple sand grass and grab grass which are annual are also abundant, but they are not near along the shores due to their mode a deed dispersion which mainly is through animal activities. Due to extensive sand stabilization plantings the American beach grass dominating fore dunes along the shores in the coastal regions of the stated island. For this species colonizing shore line habitats are resistant to most human activities. Most species that are offshore are not well distributed due to disturbance of human activities which are more. Due to more sand deposits along the shores I can suggest that it is a contributing factor as to where the grasses have a much bigger colonization succession. Annual plants along the coastal regions are more prolific seed producers and important to the colonization of bare dune substrates. However, where they are already established on dune building and their abundances in the pioneer zones along the coastal beaches natural anthropogenic disturbances are rampant. This contributes to dune formation. There is difficulty in survival and also managing nourishments and other self gain human activities (Cheplick 158). The purple grass dominates areas where human activities have taken place where they cover land, by casual observation because of the impact the activities have on plants. This purple grass colonizes mainly the urban areas, meaning where other grass types do not flourish due to negative impacts of human activities, it tends to have a good potential. It is densely distributed on the urban shorelines. Because of shorter distances, or good proximity to the shores which earlier we saw that there are sand deposits due to geographical factors, the purple grass distribution pattern spreads in high density on the parts of the beach farthest from shore (Cheplick 185). Their growth, survival and reproduction pattern spreads widely from the shore on condition that the intraspecific densities are not high enough to negatively impact its distribution. Conclusion In conclusion species composition and density in the plant community vary with the increasing distances from the coastal shore lines. There are various factors that contribute to this. There is a chain of circumstantial events from seed dispersal through seedlings establishment and subsequent survival. For instance for the purple-grass, seeds are dispersed and incorporated into the sand substrates (Cheplick 188). Annual plant communities of the coastal ecosystems exist in both inter-specific and intra-specific interactions and relations. The purple grass and dune sand bur grass are common along the shore of Staten Island in New York. The purple grass, due to its seed maturity within leaf sheaths along tillers, they are heavier seeds. Hence with larger production of seeds sand bur tend to be more distributed than the purple grass. Hence the differences in the seed dispersibility of seeds, their sizes favors in the coastal ecosystems. From studies and casual observations as evident a biotic factors as sand deposition, drought, nutrient deficiency and salt spray impacts negatively on the coastal ecosystems especially those plants with lower adaptability rates and survival rates. Competition between species and inter-specific relations or interactions has influence and plants growth patterns and rates. Also reproduction and seed dispersion is affected especially in dunes annual plants (Cheplick 247). Anthropogenic activities and natural geographical patterns on fore dunes and beaches probably have favored annual plants evolution. Successive species along the shorelines is the ability to mature seeds fast and establish seedlings under harsh coastal environments. Larger seeds may be more adaptive in coastal ecosystems, resulting in better chances and more density in distribution (Cheplick 296).

Comparing Ideology in Emersons Self Reliance and Catcher in the Rye Es

Non-conformist Ideology in Emerson's Self Reliance and Catcher in the Rye      Ã‚   Human beings all around the world are different in many ways. They all have their unique and physical characteristics, as well as different personalities. They each also have different ideas and thoughts on different topics. America is made up of a great amount of diverse people with diverse, even conflicting opinions and ideas. Diversity is a major component of the foundation of our country. The clichà © of American as a salad bowl is extremely true. Every person is different and every person in his or her own way makes up a small part of America. Without the diversity of ideas and beliefs of Americans, the nation would not be nearly as successful as we are. A major similarity between Ralph Waldo Emerson's Self Reliance and J.D Salinger's Catcher in the Rye is a non-conformist ideology that both exhibit, and the idea that one should choose their own individuality above confomity.    Salinger's The Catcher in the Rye portrays Holden as a character who views conformity as evil. Conformist is a word associated with people who dismiss their own ideas and opinions and act the way most others do. In doing so, they believe others will respect them more because they are more like the majority of the population, Holden saw all those who tried to conform to society as `phonies'. He stated, "At the end of the first act, we went out with all the other jerks for a cigarette. What a deal that was. You never saw so many phonies in all your life, everybody smoking their ears off and talking about the play so that everybody could hear how sharp they were." (Salinger 126) Almost everyone in the novel acted as phonies according to Holde... ...his own mind. No one should be afraid of what society believes they are or what they believe in. One should decide what is good for him/her, not act according to what humanity as a whole believes is good for him/her.    The roles of diversity and uniqueness are a crucial part of society today. Without these qualities being enforced into the American character, people won't produce thoughtful ideas that could help shape America. Both authors illustrate the evil effect of conformity in society and support how one should be self reliant, not phony, and confident in their own beliefs and ideas.    Works Cited       Emerson, Ralph. "Self-Reliance." The American Tradition in Literature. Eighth Edition. Ed. George Perkins. New York. McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1994.    Salinger, J.D.   The Catcher in the Rye.   Boston: Little, Brown, 1991.